Amend the Endangered Species Act?

Awaiting Vote
Bill Summary

The ESA Amendment Act seeks to revise the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973 through fiscal year 2031, limiting the protections provided to optimize conservation, incentivize wildlife conservation on private land, give greater incentives to recover endangered species, provide more transparency and accountability in recovering such species, remove barriers to conservation, and restore congressional intent. Some of the changes include: 1) directing the Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service to establish a five-year plan to address the list of endangered species, 2) limiting what land is considered a critical habitat, and 3) modifying the permitting process for certain voluntary conservation agreements, which would give incidental take permits exemption from environmental review requirements. Sponsor: Rep. Bruce Westerman (Republican, Arkansas, District 4)
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Opponents say

•      "NPCA urges members of Congress to vote no on H.R. 1897, the ESA Amendments Act, when it comes to the House floor the week of April 20, 2026. For 50 years, the Endangered Species Act (ESA) has been a critically important tool in the conservation and restoration of the over 600 threatened and endangered species that depend on habitats in national parks. Species like the California condor, humpback whale, and Santa Rosa Island fox have all benefited from the restoration and recovery framework and support the ESA provides. While NPCA has concerns about many sections of H.R. 1897, we’ve highlighted our primary concerns below: Title I would likely politicize which species are prioritized for recovery, extending the timeline for listing species and fast-tracking delistings. These decisions should be made based on the best available science and removed from political input and analysis. Congress should instead focus on funding the existing science-based prioritization process, as well as the agencies’ long underfunded and understaffed recovery efforts… In Title III, Section 301 appears to create a sliding scale that decreases species protections as “recovery goals” are met for threatened species. It also allows states to submit strategies that are adopted as recovery plans. This cuts at the core of the ESA." Source: Christina Hazard, Legislative Director of Government Affairs of the National Parks Conservation Association (NPCA)


•      "A vote on one of the most consequential wildlife bills in decades, the ESA Amendments Act (H.R. 1897) – a sneak attack on our nation's strongest environmental law – could happen as early as next week. This bill has already cleared the House Natural Resources Committee. House leadership can bring it to the floor at any time. If passed, it would weaken the Endangered Species Act at nearly every stage of protection. It allows species to wait years for protection instead of requiring decisions within 12 months, allowing agencies to sit on their hands for political reasons while rare plants and wildlife go extinct. It restricts critical habitat to where species exist today, ignoring the landscapes they will need as the climate changes, and frustrating their ability to expand into historically-occupied habitats and achieve more resilient populations. It weakens how science is applied in decision-making, and limits the government's ability to require mitigation for habitat destruction. It also makes it significantly harder to find “jeopardy” by requiring agencies to prove that a single project alone causes harm, rather than accounting for the cumulative impacts that are driving most species' declines. So species will go extinct in a death-by-a-thousand-cuts… It is a structural rollback of the law that has prevented the extinction of 99 percent of listed species." Source: Western Watersheds Project 


•      "For more than five decades, the Endangered Species Act has stood as one of America’s most effective tools for preventing extinctions. Its strength lies in a commitment to clear, science-based decision-making and an understanding that safeguarding at-risk species is a matter of national importance. The proposed revisions would erode the Act’s foundational principles. By introducing uncertainty, weakening long- standing protections, and narrowing the pathways through which vulnerable species receive attention and support, these changes would make it harder for species to persist and recover… We are deeply concerned about the cumulative impacts the proposed changes would have on the conservation of imperiled species—particularly insects and other invertebrates… Already vastly underrepresented on the ESA list of protected species, the proposed revisions would make it even harder for rapidly declining invertebrate species to receive the swift protections they need to survive. The proposed revisions mirror changes introduced in 2019 that were ultimately withdrawn because they undermined the ESA’s purpose. Then, and now, the proposed measures run afoul of scientific expertise and legal precedent – and go against strong public, bipartisan support for a robust, science-driven ESA that preserves our shared natural heritage." Source: Rosemary Malfi, Policy Director of the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation

Proponents say

•      "The U.S. Chamber of Commerce strongly supports H.R. 1897, Chairman Bruce Westerman’s ESA Amendments Act of 2025 to provide much needed reform to the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The Chamber supports the ESA’s goal of protecting species threatened with extinction and the habitat those species depend on, but we believe achieving lasting conservation success requires a framework that is predictable, transparent, and consistently applied. Our nation’s important conservation objectives can and must be met without unnecessarily deterring development of vital infrastructure and energy projects or slowing essential economic activity. Inconsistent and changing ESA requirements can create significant delays and cost increases for such projects intended to strengthen national security, bolster our economy, and enhance our competitiveness. It is therefore imperative that we allow the ESA to provide regulatory certainty that can drive responsible investment and facilitate long-term planning. H.R. 1897 would help restore balance and advance environmental stewardship while providing the clarity and certainty needed for all stakeholders. A more predictable ESA process would also help Federal agencies use limited resources more effectively and focus efforts where they can deliver the greatest conservation benefit. We appreciate Chairman Westerman’s leadership on reforms that promote both conservation outcomes and a permitting and regulatory environment that supports innovation, investment, and responsible development." Source: Marty Durbin, President of the Global Energy Institute


•      "The American Energy Alliance supports H.R. 1897 the ESA Amendments Act of 2025. It has been decades since the Endangered Species Act (ESA) was meaningfully amended and in that time there have been substantial societal, technological and environmental changes that ESA implementation has not kept pace with. The ESA has become a regulatory weapon rather than focusing on its original mission of actually helping threatened species recover. H.R. 1897 will improve regulatory certainty, create needed flexibility, and allow the federal government to work better with states and landowners. This will result in better outcomes for both species and for landowners. A YES vote on H.R. 1897 is a vote in support of free markets and affordable energy." Source: The American Energy Alliance


•      "H.R. 1897, the ESA Amendments Act of 2025, would implement a series of precise reforms to the Endangered Species Act (ESA) that would establish clear statutory definitions, focus on species recovery, and consolidate the ESA permitting process. In addition, it would provide incentives for the recovery of listed species, promote accountability for agency actions, and create a backstop against frivolous litigation. With these reforms, the ESA can be augmented to effectively serve and support wildlife across America’s vast and rich environments." Source: Rep. Virginia Foxx (Republican, North Carolina, District 5), Chairwoman of the Committee on Rules